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The purpose of the article is to update the issues of rooting professional standardization in the Russian entrepreneurship system in order to ensure the competitiveness of the latter at the current stage of the development of the Russian economy. Based on the functional theory of entrepreneurship and ideas about entrepreneurship as a special type of professional activity in the system of division of social labor, which are gradually taking root in the scientific perception of the phenomenon under consideration, the author systematizes the topics of analysis, consistently focusing on issues of increased interest in the academic and business communities. These include the terminological fixation of the meaning and features of the subject of entrepreneurship as a type of professional activity; identification of the unique place and importance of entrepreneurship in the system of division of social labor; consideration of the key features of entrepreneurial employment, which does not provide for the entry of business entities into labor relations with employers; research of ways to harmonize the basic characteristics of entrepreneurship as a type of professional activity through standardization of the latter; substantiation of the importance of adopting the professional standard "Entrepreneur" for increasing the competitiveness of the Russian national economy and Russian education in an environment of increased competition in global markets; identification of contradictions in the regulatory framework that narrow the corridor of possibilities for adopting the professional standard "Entrepreneur" and identification of directions for its consistent expansion. The special objects of consideration are the labor functions of entrepreneurs in a competitive environment, the differences between professional and non-professional entrepreneurship, the multifunctional and intersectoral nature of the professional standard "Entrepreneur", the composition of the areas of application of the latter through the regulation of entrepreneurs' communications with their environment, the industry specification of the qualification characteristics of entrepreneurship as a type of professional activity.