List articles
| This article is devoted to the description of the competitive environment of the educational system of higher education. The directions and forms of competition of Russian universities are revealed in accordance with the constructive theory of competition. The article describes the classical theoretical directions of competition: product, industry, intersectoral, and inter-product competition. Product competition is the competition between manufacturers of interchangeable goods in the same distribution channels. It is a rivalry between competing product brands for distribution, otherwise known as trademark competition. Industry competition is the competition between producers of goods using homogeneous, interchangeable resources. In fact, this is competition for resources between producers of one sector, while there may be no product competition in distribution and sales. Inter-product competition is the competition between substitutes from different industries, that is, between representatives of different industries - manufacturers of products that satisfy the same need. Cross-industry competition is the competition of corporate brands in marketing, the general competition of all brands to attract the attention of a certain segment of consumers. The article shows that all four directions of competition appears in their forms in the activities of Russian universities. The specific forms of competition between Russian universities are revealed. Competition among universities appears in different forms: for social authority and influence; for statuses, titles, and prestige; for exclusive intellectual property, massive data sets, and computing power; for the talents of students; for the talents of teachers; for budget funding; for grant, competitive financing; for donations and endowment funds. Special attention is paid to the forms of competition within partnerships and cooperation between universities. In this form, the bargaining power is used in the distribution of value between the participants in the partnership. Continue... | |
| The subject area of the article is the work of a modern organization to counter the threat of corruption from its officials. Persons Specific forms of implementing corruption threats in the commercial, financial, production, technological and personnel areas of the business entity are specified, their negative impact on market positions is determined. The thesis is argued that the degree of protection from the threat of corruption by its own persons is rightfully considered as an additional competitive advantage of any subject of professional entrepreneurship or, accordingly, its competitive disadvantage. The concept of a “workplace with a corruption component” is disclosed and their list in a modern commercial organization is specified. Personal qualities and other characteristics of a candidate for employment or an employee already in the staff are determined, which exclude the possibility of replacing such workplaces. Recommendations are formulated and argued for the introduction of four groups of HR technologies implemented within various areas of the corporate personnel management system and ensuring effective prevention or prompt identification of relevant threats in order to acquire additional competitive advantages for the subject of professional entrepreneurship. The first group of technologies is used in the process of selecting candidates for replacement of jobs with a corruption component. The purpose of their implementation is to identify individual characteristics, the presence of which calls into question both the overall loyalty of the applicant and its “anti-corruption stability.” The second group of technologies involves the prevention of corruption through the use of special tools for the economic motivation of personnel. The third group of technologies provides the possibility of both prevention and detection of the threats under consideration and involves the use of special control procedures when concluding business contracts and contracts for a large business size of a particular organization. Finally, the fourth group of technologies is used to monitor the activities of employees replacing jobs with a corruption component. Continue... | |
| The Russian Federation has established and introduced a tax on professional activities (NAP) as part of the development of special tax systems, but the competitiveness of the professions offered by the tax legislation is not taken into account. The authors determined the purpose of the study: the expediency of using the professions specified in the tax legislation to provide services for personal, domestic and (or) other similar needs, For this purpose the following tasks were solved: the place of the NDP in the aggregate of all existing special tax regimes of the Russian Federation was considered; a comparative analysis of the application of taxation of self-employed citizens in Russia and abroad, in particular, in Germany, is carried out. The study uses methods of statistical observation, comparison, and analysis. It is revealed that during the period of use of the NDP, although the number of entrepreneurs has increased, but budget revenues are insignificant. The comparison of the lists of professions showed that the professions allowed for use by self-employed citizens (freelancers) in Germany differ from the Russian ones established by law: they are competitive in the economy. Self-employed citizens must confirm their professions with diplomas, belong to professional associations, associations, be sure to study at advanced training courses, compete with an employee. The analysis of the reasons for the use of the NAP regime by individuals in Russia showed that professional activity within the regime is forced and is aimed at obtaining additional, rather than basic, earnings, as in GermanAs a result of the study, it was found that the professions specified in the legislation of Russia are not competitive. It is proposed to change the list of NPA professions taking into account special professional education and competitiveness in the labor market. Continue... | |
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№ 1(81)
30 march 2021 year
Rubric: The practice of entrepreneurship in a competitive environment The author: Rubin Y. |
The article examines the issues of increasing the efficiency of involving Russian youth in entrepreneurship on a professional basis. The possibilities of creating a professional standard for an entrepreneur and the formation of its content are analyzed. For the first time, a substantiation of the specifics of professional entrepreneurship inherent in the 3rd level of entrepreneurial qualifications is given. The author provides the rationale for the functional map of the professional standard of an entrepreneur with the third level of professional qualifications. For the first time, it is given a detailed substantiation of the labor functions of entrepreneurs for the current business, creating their own business, conducting start-ups of new business projects, qualitative and quantitative business development, stopping entrepreneurship up to the liquidation of their own business. It is substantiated that the listed functions are of a labor nature and are characteristic exclusively for entrepreneurship as a special type of professional activity. It is proved that the solution of entrepreneurial problems constitutes the active basis of the content of entrepreneurship as a type of professional activity. The content and objects of labor knowledge and skills necessary for the implementation of labor functions inherent in entrepreneurship as a type of professional activity and the performance of labor actions in entrepreneurship are revealed, which is essential for the formation of the planned results of entrepreneurship learning. Continue... |
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№ 1(81)
30 march 2021 year
Rubric: The practice of entrepreneurship in a competitive environment The author: Osipenko O. V. |
Based on the study of Russian economic and corporate governance practice, as well as the judicial practice corresponding to it in the zone of the selected problematic, the article undertakes a fragmentary analysis of the phenomenon called by the author “corruption pricing” - the formation by the competent management bodies of companies and their interconnected groups of prices for relevant goods, works and services that, according to the initial perception and formal criteria, satisfy the parties of the transaction, however, upon a more thorough analysis, they turn out to be inconsistent with the interests of significant agents of the corporation system, including title co-owners and beneficiaries of business entities, realizing exclusively the interests of a narrow group of persons, capable of unfairly influencing on the legal process of price formation. Turning to specific cases, the author puts forward a hypothesis regarding the inevitability of institutional restrictions of the freedom of pricing in a market (non-state) pricing zone, predetermined by the circumstances of the objective discrepancy between the motives of investment and professional participation in entrepreneurial activity in general and management practice, in particular, of its various subjects - business owners and service providers. their top managers, majority and minority investors, personnel and administration, customers and service providers in the order of outsourcing and the associated need for a creative interpretation of the principles of integrity and reasonableness and their summarizing principle - economic justice. Continue... |
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№ 1(81)
30 march 2021 year
Rubric: The practice of entrepreneurship in a competitive environment The author: Kosorukova O. |
According to the modern theory of corporate finance, the goal of managing the company’s finances is to maximize the market value of the business, which is also an opportunity to increase the competitiveness of the business. Аnalysis of price-forming factors of business value is the basis for making effective financial decisions by management. This article is devoted to the analysis of the impact on the business value of the business reputation of the company’s executive body and members of the board of directors. This analysis is also related to corporate governance review of the business, as it is within the framework of corporate governance examines the relationship between management and owners of a company and its impact on business value. The aim of the research is to develop a methodology for accounting for the impact of the business reputation of the executive body of a joint-stock company on the value of its business. The objective of the research is to identify criteria for assessing the impact of the business reputation of the executive body and a member of the board of directors of a joint-stock company on the business value. Research is based on a general scientific methodology, which provides for the use of methods of systematic and comparative analysis, analysis and synthesis, methods and approaches of evaluation activities. The article examines the role of business reputation of members of the management bodies of a joint-stock company at the present stage of corporate governance development and its impact on the business value. As a result, the importance and possibility of using the business reputation indicator to assess the value of a business through the prism of applying a revenue approach in valuation is proved. Accounting for the impact of the business reputation of members of the board of directors and executive bodies of organizations on the business value is considered in two directions: by influencing the amount of cash flow and by taking into account the discount rate. Continue... |
